What do domain names, DNS and nameservers actually mean?
Four different things are often sold on one screen and called "your domain". Knowing which is which makes the rest much less alarming.
The domain registration
This is the record that keeps an address such as yourbusiness.com registered
to you. The registrar is the company that renews it and keeps your contact
details. Moving the registration changes that company. It does not, by itself,
move your website or your email.
The DNS
DNS is the set of directions attached to the domain. One direction sends web visitors to the website. Others send messages to the email provider, prove who may send email using the domain, connect a booking service or verify an account.
The company holding these directions is the DNS provider. It may be the same company as the registrar, but it does not have to be.
The nameservers
Nameservers are the setting at the registrar that says which DNS provider holds the directions. Changing one ordinary DNS record changes one route. Changing the nameservers changes where the whole set is read from.
That is why a nameserver move needs preparation. The new provider must have a careful copy of the useful records first. The old and new lists do not need to be identical forever, because the website records are deliberately changing, but everything that still matters must be present.
The website and email
The website host stores and serves the pages. The email provider stores your mailboxes and sends and receives messages. Either can be completely separate from the registrar and DNS provider.
Moving DNS to Cloudflare does not move the mailboxes. It copies the directions that mail systems use. That distinction is important: the email service stays put, but a missing email direction can still interrupt delivery or make sent mail look less trustworthy.
Before changing nameservers, identify at least:
- where you read and send business email;
- whether a booking system, shop, newsletter or client area uses the domain;
- any addresses that begin with something other than
www; - who renews the domain registration.
If you cannot account for something, stop and find out rather than guessing. Cloudflare says its automatic scan can miss unusual records and custom email settings, so the scan is a starting point rather than a promise that the copy is complete. Cloudflare explains the limits of its DNS scan.
Ready to consider the wider move? See Move my domain's DNS to Cloudflare without breaking anything. If you only want to point your website at bernard and leave DNS where it is, use Connect my own web address (domain) to my site instead. Moving who renews the name is a later, separate choice explained in Move my domain registration to Cloudflare.
The prompt
“Explain who currently looks after the registration, DNS, website and email for [my domain]. Tell me what each one does, what this change would move, and what it would leave alone.”
Press Copy, then paste it into your AI and fill in the [bracketed] parts. First time? Connect your AI to bernard first - a one-time setup in bernard → your site → Use your own AI.
Questions people ask
- Is my domain the same thing as my website?
- No. The domain is the address people type. The website is what they see when they arrive. The registration keeps the address in your name, while DNS contains the directions that connect the address to the website and email.
- Does moving DNS move my email too?
- It does not move your mailboxes or email provider. It does mean copying the DNS records that direct and protect your email. A missed record can affect delivery, so those records need checking before nameservers change.
- Why are nameservers treated more carefully than an ordinary record?
- An ordinary record changes one direction. Nameservers choose where the whole set of directions is kept. Changing them without a complete copy can affect the website, email and any other service using the domain at once.
- Will asking bernard to explain or check this make a change?
- No. Bernard can run a readiness check today, but it only reads what the public internet reports. It changes nothing, so there is no change to approve. It does not create a Cloudflare zone or change records, nameservers or registration.